However (然而)

Structure Clause 1。然而 + clause 2 (contrast)

然而 (rán’ér) is a formal/written "however". It introduces a contrast or an unexpected outcome against what came before: 他很努力，然而没有成功 = "he tried hard; however, he didn’t succeed". In everyday speech 但是 or 可是 are preferred; 然而 sounds more formal, like in essays or articles.

Examples

他tā很hěn努nǔ力lì，然rán而ér没méi有yǒu成chéng功gōng。
He tried hard; however, he didn’t succeed.
计jì划huà很hěn好hǎo，然rán而ér很hěn难nán实shí现xiàn。
The plan is good; however, it’s hard to carry out.
大dà家jiā都dōu同tóng意yì了le，然rán而ér他tā反fǎn对duì。
Everyone agreed; however, he objected.

Levels are indicative: they follow the standard Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning) progression, not an official HSK 3.0 mapping. We never assign levels by eye.

This point and the other 370, with audio on every example, inside Wanyu.